UNIT 23 : MULTI-CAMERA TECHNIQUES
Multi-camera production is a method of shooting TV shows and Films where several cameras are used on set to record and broadcast a scene including Live programme formats such as: Sports events, Music concerts, games shows, chat shows and studio-based dramas. Multi-camera production offers a chance to record a scene quickly, unlike single camera production you would have to shoot a scene numerous times to get a variety of different camera shots and angles. As you can see from below, there is an example of a multi-camera format being used.
Advantages of Multi-Camera Production:
- Doesn't take long to shoot because all cameras are recording.
- Be able to see reactions and emotions from different angles.
- You get a lot more scenes covered in a shorter amount of time whereas single-camera, you have to move the camera to get a variety of shots which results to a longer process of filming.
Disadvantages of Multi-Camera Production:
- Takes longer to set up.
- Its more expensive because you will be using more than one camera.
- This technique would be more ideal for studio (indoor) shooting rather than outdoor.
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| 180° rule |
EastEnders is a British soap opera first broadcasted on BBC One on 19 Feb 1985. Its one of the UK's highest rated programmes according to BARB ratings and its known for its opening theme before every episode and its cycle of twisting drama. The show primarily focuses on British popular culture where they claim that they ''don't make life they reflect it'' and tries to be open about realistic situations such as homosexuality, rape, unemployment and racial prejudice. Based on market research by BBC commissioning in 2003, EastEnders is mostly watched by 60 - 74 year olds, closely followed by 45-59 year olds, both male and female.
EastEnders Scheduling
- Monday: 8:00 - 8:30pm
- Tuesday: 7:30 - 8:00pm
- Thursday: 7:30 - 8:00pm
- Friday: 8:00 - 8:30pm
- Sunday: 1pm - 3pm
This is an over-the-shoulder shot (OSS) where the camera is placed behind the person who is looking at the subject. The person facing the subject usually occupy 1/3 of the frame.
This helps to establish the position of each person and get the feel of looking at one person's point of view. It's common to cut between these shots, alternating the view of different speakers. The blurry background helps the viewers to focus on the subjects and their relationship with each other.
This is a close-up shot where it creates a tension and mood of the characters leaving the viewers in suspense. The two characters are very well focused enforcing the viewers to focus on the characters instead of their environment.
'Friends' comedy show is the longest multi-camera Sit com to ever show on TV. These Sit coms are usually filmed in a set in front of a live studio audience or in some cases film with a laughing track. Its defined as a sit com due to their 'third-wall' set up creating space for the audience, therefore always shot in multi-camera. The third-wall set means that the 180° rule is not broken where the camera is placed in front of the audience to capture different shots and angles including establishing shots to set the scene and where the action is happening, a close up or a medium shot to capture the actors/actresses expressions on their face and where they are situated on the set.
'Friends' History Broadcast
Note: The most frequent time slot for the series is in italic text.
- Thursday at 8:30–9:00 pm on NBC: September 19, 1994 – February 23, 1995
- Thursday at 9:30–10:00 pm on NBC: February 23 – May 18, 1995
- Thursday at 8:00–8:30 pm on NBC: September 21, 1995 – May 6, 2004
In a wide shot, the subjects take most of the frame. The small amount of room from the top and the bottom is a ''safety room'' where your giving what the audience see's from their point of view - it would also be uncomfortable if their feet and head were exactly at the top and bottom of the frame.
The mid shot shows some parts of the subject in more detail, it usually signifies that the character has some intent information to deliver. although, this is an approximation of how you would see the person ''in flesh'' if you were to have a casual conversation with them, the audience would still feel its enough to look at the subject as a whole and still allow some hand gestures and a bit of movement within the shot.
A low angle is often shown to make something or someone powerful and dominant but in this case, the shot of the friends apartment makes it look big and luxurious making the audience to think that they are based in a big city living that city lifestyle creating what kind of people the characters are.
The target audience for friends would be a mixture of all categories because of its time slot. It brings a variety of people who works all day to students who come home to watch the show therefore, the age rate for this sit com would be 13+ leaning towards more to the girls but still have a massive boy fan base. The structure to 'Friends' is very basic and simple, it has basic camera shots, sounds and various other conventions which makes it the most popular comedy/drama show ever shown on TV.
The Graham Norton show is a British comedy chat show broadcast on BBC One. It's popular for special celebrity guests such as Tom Cruise, Michael Buble, Jennifer Lopez, Danial Radcliffe, Will Smith and Jaden Smith etc. The multi-camera format is very basic, similar to 'friends' where the camera is set in front of the audience and facing the presenter and guest only.
The target audience for this show would be for adults aged 20+ because of it features adult content however, some teenagers enjoy watching the chat -show but majority are adults aged 20+.
Graham Norton Show Scheduling:
- Friday: 10:35pm - BBC ONE
- Monday: 11:50pm - BBC ONE
- Tuesday: 12:05am - BBC ONE (Northern Ireland)
A close up shot is used to explain the subjects expressions however, he is not looking directly at the camera therefore it tells the audience that he is talking to the interviewer. The constant feature of the shot reverse shot emphasises on the transition that one subject is looking at another subject (most of the time off-screen) and then the other subject is shown looking back at the first subject since they are facing each other, the viewers assume that they are looking at each other also an example of an eyeline match.
A wide shot and a long shot usually shows the entire object, human figure and its surroundings in relation to illustrate what is happening. It has been suggested that a long shot range is to correspond to approximately what would be the distance between the front row audience and stage in live shows. For example, the first photo displays the entire stage of the guests and presenter to show where the interview is taking place.
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